Pastoral Culture
- Performing arts: games, masques, pastoral dance
- Material culture: dress, art
- Music: pastoral opera, madrigal
- Gardening: Palladian villa
- Technology: Development of the steam engine by James Watt (1769) and others: the invention of the Spinning Jenny by James Hargreaves in 1764
- Law: diverse Enclosure Acts between 1750 and 1845 (General Enclosure Act): rights that people once held, to graze animals on these areas when not planted by crops, were being denied.